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CLIMATE CHANGE ALBERTAS BIODIVERSITY 49 ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION Ecosystem-based adaptation strategies a complement to adaptation through infrastructure are proactive and can achieve multiple community benefits in addition to building climate resiliency. Thereareavarietyofwaysthatmunicipalities can approach climate change adaptation. Ecosystem-based approaches reviewed by Tracy Lee and Ken Sanderson 2014 focus on building climate resilience by protecting or restoring the healthy ecosystems that support human well-being through food production or water purification for example. Ecosystem-based adaptation complements other climate change adaptation strategies such as those that rely on the development of new infrastructure like storm sewers or stream channels but it also has several advantages. Approaches that focus on building ecosystem resilience to climate change have thepotentialtoachievemultiplecommunity objectivesthroughasingleaction.Forexample aprotectedwetlandupstreamofacommunity maintainstheresilienceofthecommunitys watersupplywhilealsocontinuingtoprovide criticalhabitatforaquaticplantsandwildlife storecarbonandfilterwater. Becausetheyhavemultiplebenefitsthese strategiesarelower-riskoftentermedno- regretsinlightoftheuncertaintyassociated withpredictingtheexactimpactsofclimate changeonacommunity.Thoughthebenefits andcostsofeachadaptationstrategywilldepend onthespecificnatureoftherisksidentified byindividualcommunitiesecosystem-based approachesareoftencost-effectiveinparticular becauseasingleactioncansupportmultiple communityobjectivesandaddressmultiple climatechangerisks. Ecosystem-based adaptation strategies can help build climate resiliency for rural municipalities.